Understanding Malaria
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by tiny parasites called Plasmodium, which are transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito. Once the parasite enters the body, it first travels to the liver, where it multiplies quietly without causing symptoms. After this stage, the parasites move into the bloodstream and begin to infect red blood cells. This process leads to repeated cycles of cell destruction, causing symptoms such as fever, chills, headaches, body weakness, and general discomfort. If malaria is not treated quickly, the parasite load can increase and the disease may become severe, affecting vital organs and leading to life-threatening complications. Malaria spreads only through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes, which typically breed in stagnant water and are most active at night.
The Impact of Malaria on pregnant women
Malaria has serious impacts on pregnant women because the infection affects both the mother and the developing baby. During pregnancy, a woman’s immune system becomes naturally weaker, making her more vulnerable to malaria infection and its complications. Malaria can cause severe anemia, which reduces the oxygen supply to both the mother and the fetus, increasing the risk of exhaustion, illness, and complications during childbirth. It can also lead to miscarriage, premature birth, or babies being born with low birth weight, which increases the chances of illness or death in newborns. Additionally, malaria parasites can accumulate in the placenta, interfering with the flow of nutrients to the baby. For these reasons, preventing malaria among pregnant women is a major priority in public health, especially in areas where malaria is common.
